DOI: https://doi.org/10.32515/2414-3820.2024.54.55-62
Dehulling of Industrial Hemp Seeds with High-Performance Mechanisms
About the Authors
Viktor Sheichenko, Professor, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), State Agrarian University, Poltava, Ukraine, e-mail: vsheychenko@ukr.net, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2751-6181
Dmytro Petrachenko, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), Separate Structural Unit of the Hlukhiv Agrotechnical Vocational College of Sumy National Agrarian University, Hlukhiv, Ukraine, e-mail: dpetrachenko@i.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4565-9653
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study on the technological process of dehulling industrial hemp seeds. The aim of the study is to increase the productivity of the dehulling process while maintaining the integrity of the seed kernels. To achieve this goal, an experimental prototype of a centrifugal dehuller was developed, capable of processing seeds without the need for preliminary calibration or moisture normalization, significantly simplifying the raw material preparation process.
The study investigated the influence of key operating parameters of the mechanism on dehulling efficiency, including the rotational speed of the working wheel, feed rate, and seed moisture content. A multifactorial experiment was conducted, the results of which allowed for the identification of optimal parameter values to achieve maximum productivity and dehulling quality. The optimal parameters of the centrifugal dehuller were established as follows: working wheel rotational speed of 6200±200 rpm, feed rate of 100 kg/h, and raw material moisture content within 8.8–11.5%. Under optimal conditions, the throughput capacity of the mechanism was increased from 30 kg/h to 100 kg/h, ensuring a high yield of quality kernels.
Mathematical models of the dehulling process were developed to determine the dependence of the mechanism's efficiency on the selected parameters. It was found that significant deviations from the optimal parameter values negatively affect the efficiency of the process due to increased seed fragmentation.
The obtained results have significant practical importance for the industrial hemp processing sector, as the developed mechanism can be utilized to improve existing technological solutions. Further research is recommended to focus on enhancing the stability of the mechanism's operation under variable seed moisture conditions and increasing productivity, which will ultimately improve the efficiency of hemp production as a whole.
Keywords
seed dehulling, hemp, centrifugal mechanism, productivity, optimization, technological parameters, efficiency
Full Text:
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References
1. Vyrovets, V., Laiko, I. Myhal M. «et al.». (2018). Hemp cultivation: scientific achievements and prospects. Sumy [in Ukrainian].
2. Presa-Lombardi, J., García, F., Gutierrez-Barrutia, M.B. & Cozzano, S. (2023). Hemp seed's (Cannabis Sativa L) nutritional potential for the development of snack functional foods. OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids, Volume 30. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023025
3. Petrachenko, D., Koropchenko, S. & Sova, N. (2024). Industrial hemp oil: properties, features, production. Scientific support for the development of hemp growing in the 21st century. р.156–177. https://doi.org/10.48096/monograph.2024.156-177 [in Ukrainian].
4. Schultz, C., Lim, W., Khor, S., Neumann, K., Schulz, J., Ansari, O., Skewes, M., & Burton, R. (2020). Consumer and health-related traits of seed from selected commercial and breeding lines of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Volume 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100025
5. Lindström, L.I., Franchini, M.C. & Nolasco, S.M. (2022). Sunflower fruit hullability and structure as affected by genotype, environment and canopy shading. Annals of Applied Biology, 180 (3), 338–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12735
6. Junyan Zhang. (2019). Design of the gordon euryale seed automatic shelling machine. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1423/1/012053
7. Brian Baker. (2015). Dehulling Ancient Grains: Economic Considerations and Equipment. Retrieved April 15, 2024, from https://eorganic.org/node/13028
8. Manjunath M. Ullegaddi, N.C. Mahandra Babu, Abdul Rahman Faisal, Miraz Mohammad, M.S. Shreenidhi, & Syeda Anjum, (2021). Design and development of compact Foxtail millet deshelling machine, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 42, Part 2, Pp. 781–785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.314
9. Kaliuzhnyi V.V., Yeromina N.V. & Levanichev A.V. (2013). Patent of Ukraine 81263. Plant for crushing seeds and making fuel pellets (briquettes). Kyiv: SE «Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property».
10. Hrosul L.H., Haponiuk O.I., Pystsov B.O., Hrosul O.L., Yatskova T.I., & Kudashev S.M. (2011) Patent of Ukraine 94419. A device for crushing sunflower seeds. Kyiv: SE «Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property».
11. Petrachenko, D. & Koropchenko, S. (2019). Study of the design of the mechanism for crushing the seeds of industrial hemp. Academic notes of the Tavri National University named after V.I. Vernadskyi. Series: Technical sciences. №2, Vol.2. P. 167-171. [in Ukrainian].
12. Sheichenko, V., Petrachenko, D., Koropchenko, S., Rogovskii, I., Gorbenko, O., Volianskyi, M. & Sheichenko, D. (2024). Substantiating the rational parameters and operation modes for the hemp seed centrifugal dehuller. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2 (1 (128)), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.300174
13. Khailis H.A. & Konovaliuk D.M. (1992). Basics of design and research of agricultural machines. Kyiv: NMK VO, 320 р. [in Ukrainian].
Citations
1. Коноплярство: наукові здобутки і перспективи / Вировець В.Г та ін.; за ред. І.О. Маринченко. Суми, 2018. 158 с.
2. Presa-Lombardi J., García F., Gutierrez-Barrutia M.B., Cozzano S. Hemp seed's (Cannabis Sativa L) nutritional potential for the development of snack functional foods. OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids. 2023. Vol. 30. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023025 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
3. Петраченко, Д., Коропченко, С., Сова, Н. Олія промислових конопель: властивості, особливості, виробництво. Наукове забезпечення розвитку коноплярства у ХХІ столітті. 2024. С.156–177. https://doi.org/10.48096/monograph.2024.156-177 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
4. Schultz C., Lim W., Khor S., Neumann K., Schulz J., Ansari O., Skewes M., Burton R. Consumer and health-related traits of seed from selected commercial and breeding lines of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 2020. Vol. 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100025 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
5. Lindström L.I., Franchini M.C., Nolasco S.M. Sunflower fruit hullability and structure as affected by genotype, environment and canopy shading. Annals of Applied Biology. 2022. №180 (3), Р. 338–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12735 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
6. Junyan Zhang. Design of the gordon euryale seed automatic shelling machine. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1423/1/012053 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
7. Brian Baker. Dehulling Ancient Grains: Economic Considerations and Equipment. 2015. URL: https://eorganic.org/node/13028 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
8. Manjunath M. Ullegaddi, N.C. Mahandra Babu, Abdul Rahman Faisal, Miraz Mohammad, M.S. Shreenidhi, Syeda Anjum. Design and development of compact Foxtail millet deshelling machine, Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021. Vol. 42, Part 2, Pages 781-785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.314 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
9. Установка для обрушування насіння та виготовлення паливних пелетів (брикетів): пат. 81263 Україна: МПК: B30B 9/02, B30B 11/22. № u 2012 15165; заявл. 29.12.2012; опубл. 25.06.2013, Бюл.№ 12
10. Пристрій для обрушування насіння соняшника: пат. 94419 Україна: МПК: B02B 3/08, A01F 12/28. № a200803082; заявл. 11.03.2008; опубл. 10.05.2011, Бюл. № 9
11. Петраченко Д.О., Коропченко С.П. Дослідження конструкції механізму для обрушування насіння промислових конопель. Вчені записки Таврійського національного університету імені В.І. Вернадського. Серія: Технічні науки. 2019. №2, Ч.2. С. 167–171
12. Sheichenko V., Petrachenko D., Koropchenko S., Rogovskii I., Gorbenko O., Volianskyi M., Sheichenko D. Substantiating the rational parameters and operation modes for the hemp seed centrifugal dehuller. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2024. № 2 (1 (128)), Р. 34-48. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.300174 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
13. Хайліс Г.А., Коновалюк Д.М. Основи проектування і дослідження сільськогосподарських машин. Київ : НМК ВО, 1992. 320 с.
Copyright (c) 2024 Viktor Sheichenko, Dmytro Petrachenko
Dehulling of Industrial Hemp Seeds with High-Performance Mechanisms
About the Authors
Viktor Sheichenko, Professor, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), State Agrarian University, Poltava, Ukraine, e-mail: vsheychenko@ukr.net, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2751-6181
Dmytro Petrachenko, Doctor in Technics (Doctor of Technic Sciences), Separate Structural Unit of the Hlukhiv Agrotechnical Vocational College of Sumy National Agrarian University, Hlukhiv, Ukraine, e-mail: dpetrachenko@i.ua, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4565-9653
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study on the technological process of dehulling industrial hemp seeds. The aim of the study is to increase the productivity of the dehulling process while maintaining the integrity of the seed kernels. To achieve this goal, an experimental prototype of a centrifugal dehuller was developed, capable of processing seeds without the need for preliminary calibration or moisture normalization, significantly simplifying the raw material preparation process. The study investigated the influence of key operating parameters of the mechanism on dehulling efficiency, including the rotational speed of the working wheel, feed rate, and seed moisture content. A multifactorial experiment was conducted, the results of which allowed for the identification of optimal parameter values to achieve maximum productivity and dehulling quality. The optimal parameters of the centrifugal dehuller were established as follows: working wheel rotational speed of 6200±200 rpm, feed rate of 100 kg/h, and raw material moisture content within 8.8–11.5%. Under optimal conditions, the throughput capacity of the mechanism was increased from 30 kg/h to 100 kg/h, ensuring a high yield of quality kernels. Mathematical models of the dehulling process were developed to determine the dependence of the mechanism's efficiency on the selected parameters. It was found that significant deviations from the optimal parameter values negatively affect the efficiency of the process due to increased seed fragmentation. The obtained results have significant practical importance for the industrial hemp processing sector, as the developed mechanism can be utilized to improve existing technological solutions. Further research is recommended to focus on enhancing the stability of the mechanism's operation under variable seed moisture conditions and increasing productivity, which will ultimately improve the efficiency of hemp production as a whole.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Vyrovets, V., Laiko, I. Myhal M. «et al.». (2018). Hemp cultivation: scientific achievements and prospects. Sumy [in Ukrainian].
2. Presa-Lombardi, J., García, F., Gutierrez-Barrutia, M.B. & Cozzano, S. (2023). Hemp seed's (Cannabis Sativa L) nutritional potential for the development of snack functional foods. OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids, Volume 30. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023025
3. Petrachenko, D., Koropchenko, S. & Sova, N. (2024). Industrial hemp oil: properties, features, production. Scientific support for the development of hemp growing in the 21st century. р.156–177. https://doi.org/10.48096/monograph.2024.156-177 [in Ukrainian].
4. Schultz, C., Lim, W., Khor, S., Neumann, K., Schulz, J., Ansari, O., Skewes, M., & Burton, R. (2020). Consumer and health-related traits of seed from selected commercial and breeding lines of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Volume 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100025
5. Lindström, L.I., Franchini, M.C. & Nolasco, S.M. (2022). Sunflower fruit hullability and structure as affected by genotype, environment and canopy shading. Annals of Applied Biology, 180 (3), 338–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12735
6. Junyan Zhang. (2019). Design of the gordon euryale seed automatic shelling machine. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1423/1/012053
7. Brian Baker. (2015). Dehulling Ancient Grains: Economic Considerations and Equipment. Retrieved April 15, 2024, from https://eorganic.org/node/13028
8. Manjunath M. Ullegaddi, N.C. Mahandra Babu, Abdul Rahman Faisal, Miraz Mohammad, M.S. Shreenidhi, & Syeda Anjum, (2021). Design and development of compact Foxtail millet deshelling machine, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 42, Part 2, Pp. 781–785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.314
9. Kaliuzhnyi V.V., Yeromina N.V. & Levanichev A.V. (2013). Patent of Ukraine 81263. Plant for crushing seeds and making fuel pellets (briquettes). Kyiv: SE «Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property».
10. Hrosul L.H., Haponiuk O.I., Pystsov B.O., Hrosul O.L., Yatskova T.I., & Kudashev S.M. (2011) Patent of Ukraine 94419. A device for crushing sunflower seeds. Kyiv: SE «Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property».
11. Petrachenko, D. & Koropchenko, S. (2019). Study of the design of the mechanism for crushing the seeds of industrial hemp. Academic notes of the Tavri National University named after V.I. Vernadskyi. Series: Technical sciences. №2, Vol.2. P. 167-171. [in Ukrainian].
12. Sheichenko, V., Petrachenko, D., Koropchenko, S., Rogovskii, I., Gorbenko, O., Volianskyi, M. & Sheichenko, D. (2024). Substantiating the rational parameters and operation modes for the hemp seed centrifugal dehuller. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2 (1 (128)), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.300174
13. Khailis H.A. & Konovaliuk D.M. (1992). Basics of design and research of agricultural machines. Kyiv: NMK VO, 320 р. [in Ukrainian].
Citations
1. Коноплярство: наукові здобутки і перспективи / Вировець В.Г та ін.; за ред. І.О. Маринченко. Суми, 2018. 158 с.
2. Presa-Lombardi J., García F., Gutierrez-Barrutia M.B., Cozzano S. Hemp seed's (Cannabis Sativa L) nutritional potential for the development of snack functional foods. OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids. 2023. Vol. 30. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023025 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
3. Петраченко, Д., Коропченко, С., Сова, Н. Олія промислових конопель: властивості, особливості, виробництво. Наукове забезпечення розвитку коноплярства у ХХІ столітті. 2024. С.156–177. https://doi.org/10.48096/monograph.2024.156-177 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
4. Schultz C., Lim W., Khor S., Neumann K., Schulz J., Ansari O., Skewes M., Burton R. Consumer and health-related traits of seed from selected commercial and breeding lines of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 2020. Vol. 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100025 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
5. Lindström L.I., Franchini M.C., Nolasco S.M. Sunflower fruit hullability and structure as affected by genotype, environment and canopy shading. Annals of Applied Biology. 2022. №180 (3), Р. 338–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12735 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
6. Junyan Zhang. Design of the gordon euryale seed automatic shelling machine. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1423/1/012053 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
7. Brian Baker. Dehulling Ancient Grains: Economic Considerations and Equipment. 2015. URL: https://eorganic.org/node/13028 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
8. Manjunath M. Ullegaddi, N.C. Mahandra Babu, Abdul Rahman Faisal, Miraz Mohammad, M.S. Shreenidhi, Syeda Anjum. Design and development of compact Foxtail millet deshelling machine, Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021. Vol. 42, Part 2, Pages 781-785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.314 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
9. Установка для обрушування насіння та виготовлення паливних пелетів (брикетів): пат. 81263 Україна: МПК: B30B 9/02, B30B 11/22. № u 2012 15165; заявл. 29.12.2012; опубл. 25.06.2013, Бюл.№ 12
10. Пристрій для обрушування насіння соняшника: пат. 94419 Україна: МПК: B02B 3/08, A01F 12/28. № a200803082; заявл. 11.03.2008; опубл. 10.05.2011, Бюл. № 9
11. Петраченко Д.О., Коропченко С.П. Дослідження конструкції механізму для обрушування насіння промислових конопель. Вчені записки Таврійського національного університету імені В.І. Вернадського. Серія: Технічні науки. 2019. №2, Ч.2. С. 167–171
12. Sheichenko V., Petrachenko D., Koropchenko S., Rogovskii I., Gorbenko O., Volianskyi M., Sheichenko D. Substantiating the rational parameters and operation modes for the hemp seed centrifugal dehuller. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2024. № 2 (1 (128)), Р. 34-48. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.300174 (дата звернення 20.10.2024)
13. Хайліс Г.А., Коновалюк Д.М. Основи проектування і дослідження сільськогосподарських машин. Київ : НМК ВО, 1992. 320 с.