DOI: https://doi.org/10.32515/2414-3820.2020.50.35-41
Technical and Technological Support of Drip Irrigation of Vegetable Crops
About the Authors
Kateryna Vasylkovska, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: serafsgm@ukr.net, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3524-4027
Mykola Kovalov, PhD in Agriculturals (Candidate of Agricultural Sciences), Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4421-8960
Ludmyla Molokost, lecturer, Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8418-0672
Abstract
The article proposes a scheme of drip irrigation for growing vegetables in the backyard. In the conditions of change of climatic conditions, the question of lack of moisture sharply arises. For growing vegetables in areas of risky agriculture, irrigation is an important condition for obtaining high yields.
In order to increase the technological efficiency of growing vegetables at the department of general agriculture of the Central Ukrainian National Technical University developed a prototype of a drip irrigation system for vegetables. A series of studies was conducted to provide moisture to the site and preserve soil air exchange. With the use of conventional irrigation, possible negative consequences in the form of soil flooding, the root system of plants is not able to develop evenly and is deficient in oxygen. The calculation and the scheme of drip irrigation of tape type are offered. In the proposed design for drip irrigation of the area under vegetable crops used a container with water to provide a small constant water pressure in the strips. This made it possible to water as needed, as well as to use a solution tank to feed the plants, protect them from stress, improve development and increase yields. The use of drip splicing allowed the first fruits to appear a decade earlier and increase yields by 25-50%. The use of drip tape irrigation system on the experimental plots allowed to increase the quantity and quality of tomato harvest. Also, the use of drip irrigation allowed to maintain the optimal water-physical regime in the root layer of the soil, which created the conditions for a better harvest.
Thus, with the change of climatic situation, most of the Kirovohrad region was looking for in the zone of risky agriculture. Drip irrigation has an almost universal application, is effective in intensive technologies for growing crops and ornamental crops, as well as in garden areas, when the condition of the plant largely depends on the accuracy of maintaining the humidity and nutrition of plants.
Keywords
changing climatic conditions, drip irrigation, vegetable crops, watering tape, soil
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References
1. Krapelne zroshennia – vsia informatsiia pro krapelnyi polyv [Drip magnification - all information about drip fields]. Журнал «Зерно». – Journal “Zerno”. Retrieved from https://www.zerno-ua.com/guides/krapelne-zroshennya/ [in Ukrainian].
2. Rozrakhunok i proektuvannia system krapelnoho polyvu. [Development and design of drip irrigation system.]. Informatsiino-analitychna systema «Ahrarii razom» – Information and analytical system "Agrarians together". Retrieved from https://agrarii-razom.com.ua/article/rozrahunok-i-proektuvannya-sistem-kraplinnogo-polivu [in Ukrainian].
3. Salo, L.V., Kulyk, H.A. (2019). Vplyv mikrodobryv liniiky Aktyv Kharvest na vrozhainist tomativ [Influence of microfertilizers of the Active Harvest line on tomato yield]. Visnyk KhNAU. Seriia : Roslynnytstvo, selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, plodoovochivnytstvo i zberihannia – Bulletin of KhNAU. Series: Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing and storage, Vol. 2, 65-71 [in Ukrainian].
4. Kokovikhin, S.V. (2010). Naukovo-metodychni osnovy vstanovlennia zakonomirnostei ta rozrobky matematychnykh modelei formuvannia urozhaiu polovykh kultur pry zroshenni: monohrafiia [Scientific and methodical bases of establishment of regularities and development of mathematical models of formation of a crop of field cultures at irrigation: monograph]. Kherson: Aylant [in Ukrainian].
5. Mysyk, H.A. & Kulikovskyi, B.B. (2005). Osnovy melioratsii ta landshaftoznavstva [Fundamentals of land reclamation and landscape science] . Kyiv: “INKOS” [in Ukrainian].
6. Kraplynne zroshennia – suchasnyi metod polyvu [Drip irrigation is a modern method of watering]. Derzhavne ahentstvo vodnykh resursiv Ukrainy, Baseinove upravlinnia vodnykh resursiv nyzhnoho Dnipra – State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, Basin Department of Water Resources of the Lower Dnieper. Retrieved from https://buvrnd.gov.ua/materialy-625.htm?ps=3 [in Ukrainian].
7. Mostipan, M.I., Vasylkovska, K.V., Andriyenko, O.O. & Reznichenko, V.P. (2017). Modern aspects of tilled crops productivity forecasting. INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering, 53, 35–40 [in English].
Citations
- Крапельне зрошення – вся інформація про крапельний полив. Журнал «Зерно». URL: https://www.zerno-ua.com/guides/krapelne-zroshennya/ (дата звернення 16.09.2020)
- Розрахунок і проектування систем крапельного поливу. Інформаційно-аналітична система «Аграрії разом». URL: https://agrarii-razom.com.ua/article/rozrahunok-i-proektuvannya-sistem-kraplinnogo-polivu (дата звернення 23.08.2020)
- Сало Л. В., Кулик Г. А. Вплив мікродобрив лінійки Актив Харвест на врожайність томатів. Вісник ХНАУ. Серія : Рослинництво, селекція і насінництво, плодоовочівництво і зберігання. - 2019. № 2. С. 65-71.
- Коковіхін С.В. Науково-методичні основи встановлення закономірностей та розробки математичних моделей формування урожаю польових культур при зрошенні: монографія. Херсон : Айлант, 2010. 246 с.
- Мисик Г.А., Куліковський Б.Б. Основи меліорації та ландшафтознавства. Посібник. – К: «ІНКОС», 2005. 464с
- Краплинне зрошення – сучасний метод поливу. Державне агентство водних ресурсів України, Басейнове управління водних ресурсів нижнього Дніпра. URL: https://buvrnd.gov.ua/materialy-625.htm?ps=3 (дата звернення 16.09.2020)
- Mostipan, M.I., Vasylkovska, K.V., Andriyenko, O.O., and Reznichenko, V.P.. Modern aspects of tilled crops productivity forecasting. INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering, 53, 2017. pp. 35–40.
Copyright (c) 2020 Elchyn Aliiev, Christina Lupko
Technical and Technological Support of Drip Irrigation of Vegetable Crops
About the Authors
Kateryna Vasylkovska, Associate Professor, PhD in Technics (Candidate of Technics Sciences), Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: serafsgm@ukr.net, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3524-4027
Mykola Kovalov, PhD in Agriculturals (Candidate of Agricultural Sciences), Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4421-8960
Ludmyla Molokost, lecturer, Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8418-0672
Abstract
The article proposes a scheme of drip irrigation for growing vegetables in the backyard. In the conditions of change of climatic conditions, the question of lack of moisture sharply arises. For growing vegetables in areas of risky agriculture, irrigation is an important condition for obtaining high yields. In order to increase the technological efficiency of growing vegetables at the department of general agriculture of the Central Ukrainian National Technical University developed a prototype of a drip irrigation system for vegetables. A series of studies was conducted to provide moisture to the site and preserve soil air exchange. With the use of conventional irrigation, possible negative consequences in the form of soil flooding, the root system of plants is not able to develop evenly and is deficient in oxygen. The calculation and the scheme of drip irrigation of tape type are offered. In the proposed design for drip irrigation of the area under vegetable crops used a container with water to provide a small constant water pressure in the strips. This made it possible to water as needed, as well as to use a solution tank to feed the plants, protect them from stress, improve development and increase yields. The use of drip splicing allowed the first fruits to appear a decade earlier and increase yields by 25-50%. The use of drip tape irrigation system on the experimental plots allowed to increase the quantity and quality of tomato harvest. Also, the use of drip irrigation allowed to maintain the optimal water-physical regime in the root layer of the soil, which created the conditions for a better harvest. Thus, with the change of climatic situation, most of the Kirovohrad region was looking for in the zone of risky agriculture. Drip irrigation has an almost universal application, is effective in intensive technologies for growing crops and ornamental crops, as well as in garden areas, when the condition of the plant largely depends on the accuracy of maintaining the humidity and nutrition of plants.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Krapelne zroshennia – vsia informatsiia pro krapelnyi polyv [Drip magnification - all information about drip fields]. Журнал «Зерно». – Journal “Zerno”. Retrieved from https://www.zerno-ua.com/guides/krapelne-zroshennya/ [in Ukrainian].
2. Rozrakhunok i proektuvannia system krapelnoho polyvu. [Development and design of drip irrigation system.]. Informatsiino-analitychna systema «Ahrarii razom» – Information and analytical system "Agrarians together". Retrieved from https://agrarii-razom.com.ua/article/rozrahunok-i-proektuvannya-sistem-kraplinnogo-polivu [in Ukrainian].
3. Salo, L.V., Kulyk, H.A. (2019). Vplyv mikrodobryv liniiky Aktyv Kharvest na vrozhainist tomativ [Influence of microfertilizers of the Active Harvest line on tomato yield]. Visnyk KhNAU. Seriia : Roslynnytstvo, selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, plodoovochivnytstvo i zberihannia – Bulletin of KhNAU. Series: Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing and storage, Vol. 2, 65-71 [in Ukrainian].
4. Kokovikhin, S.V. (2010). Naukovo-metodychni osnovy vstanovlennia zakonomirnostei ta rozrobky matematychnykh modelei formuvannia urozhaiu polovykh kultur pry zroshenni: monohrafiia [Scientific and methodical bases of establishment of regularities and development of mathematical models of formation of a crop of field cultures at irrigation: monograph]. Kherson: Aylant [in Ukrainian].
5. Mysyk, H.A. & Kulikovskyi, B.B. (2005). Osnovy melioratsii ta landshaftoznavstva [Fundamentals of land reclamation and landscape science] . Kyiv: “INKOS” [in Ukrainian].
6. Kraplynne zroshennia – suchasnyi metod polyvu [Drip irrigation is a modern method of watering]. Derzhavne ahentstvo vodnykh resursiv Ukrainy, Baseinove upravlinnia vodnykh resursiv nyzhnoho Dnipra – State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, Basin Department of Water Resources of the Lower Dnieper. Retrieved from https://buvrnd.gov.ua/materialy-625.htm?ps=3 [in Ukrainian].
7. Mostipan, M.I., Vasylkovska, K.V., Andriyenko, O.O. & Reznichenko, V.P. (2017). Modern aspects of tilled crops productivity forecasting. INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering, 53, 35–40 [in English].
Citations
- Крапельне зрошення – вся інформація про крапельний полив. Журнал «Зерно». URL: https://www.zerno-ua.com/guides/krapelne-zroshennya/ (дата звернення 16.09.2020)
- Розрахунок і проектування систем крапельного поливу. Інформаційно-аналітична система «Аграрії разом». URL: https://agrarii-razom.com.ua/article/rozrahunok-i-proektuvannya-sistem-kraplinnogo-polivu (дата звернення 23.08.2020)
- Сало Л. В., Кулик Г. А. Вплив мікродобрив лінійки Актив Харвест на врожайність томатів. Вісник ХНАУ. Серія : Рослинництво, селекція і насінництво, плодоовочівництво і зберігання. - 2019. № 2. С. 65-71.
- Коковіхін С.В. Науково-методичні основи встановлення закономірностей та розробки математичних моделей формування урожаю польових культур при зрошенні: монографія. Херсон : Айлант, 2010. 246 с.
- Мисик Г.А., Куліковський Б.Б. Основи меліорації та ландшафтознавства. Посібник. – К: «ІНКОС», 2005. 464с
- Краплинне зрошення – сучасний метод поливу. Державне агентство водних ресурсів України, Басейнове управління водних ресурсів нижнього Дніпра. URL: https://buvrnd.gov.ua/materialy-625.htm?ps=3 (дата звернення 16.09.2020)
- Mostipan, M.I., Vasylkovska, K.V., Andriyenko, O.O., and Reznichenko, V.P.. Modern aspects of tilled crops productivity forecasting. INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering, 53, 2017. pp. 35–40.