The purpose of the article is to identify the most effective methods and means of cleaning the openings of the sieves of grain cleaning machines from clogging. The article analyzes the designs of cleaning devices that are equipped with gravitational oscillating sieves of modern general-purpose grain cleaning machines to ensure quality indicators of work and increase the productivity of separators. The analysis of existing designs showed that in the vast majority of machine designs, cleaning devices are installed under the grates. Only some machines use combined cleaners that work on both sides of the screen. Oscillating mechanisms are used as one-sided cleaning devices, the main working organ of which is a brush. Such devices are installed under the grate. Depending on the design, they are brush or impact with elastic elements - in the form of various shaped devices that are located and move randomly in special boxes. Combined cleaning devices are installed between the sieves. These are mostly brush scraper conveyors. It was established that the most rational would be the use of a combined cleaning device of continuous action, which allows not only to clean the holes of the sieves from the particles stuck in them, but, at the same time, to carry out the transportation of particles of grain material along the working surface of the sieves along its holes. The analysis of designs of grain cleaning machines with oscillating movement of sieves made it possible to establish the advantages and disadvantages of various designs of mechanisms for cleaning sieve openings from particles stuck in them. In particular, it was found that brush oscillating cleaning mechanisms suffer the most from abrasion and deformation of the bristles, while constructively there are no ways to eliminate the gaps that arise as a result of wear. Compared to them, continuous scraper conveyors have advantages, among which uniform wear between the scrapers along the length of the conveyor and, as a result, a longer service life, as well as the creation of conditions for increasing the efficiency of grain separation, are distinguished.

graincleaningmachinesofgeneralpurpose, sieve, sievecleaner

Full Text:

PDF

1. Komarystov, V.Iu. & Petrenko, M.M. (1990). Dovidnyk z mekhanizatsii pisliazbyralnoi obrobky zerna [Handbook of mechanization of post-harvest processing of grain]. Kyiv: Urozhai. [in Ukrainian].

2. Salo V.M., Moroz, S.M., Vasylkovskyi, O.M., Leshchenko, S.M. & Petrenko, D.I. (2014). Rozrobka novoi konstruktsii pnevmoreshitnoi zernoochysnoi mashyny. Vol 1. Obgruntuvannia parametriv transportera-separatora [Development of a new design of a pneumatic sieve grain cleaning machine. Volume 1. Justification of conveyor-separator parameters]. Kirovohrad: SPD FO Lysenko V.F. [in Ukrainian].

3. Zavhorodnii, O.I. (2001). Naukovi osnovy protsesiv ochyshchennia otvoriv reshit zernoochysnykh mashyn [Scientific basis of the processes of cleaning the holes of the sieves of grain cleaning machines]. Extended abstract of doctor's thesis. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].

4. Moroz, S.M., Vasylkovskyi, M.I. & Vasylkovskyi, O.M. (2004). Obgruntuvannia diametriv sterzhniv prutkovoho resheta [Determination of the diameters of the rods of the bar sieve]. Tekhnika v silskohospodarskomu vyrobnytstvi, haluzeve mashynobuduvannia, avtomatyzatsiia : zb. nauk. prats TNTU  Machinery in Agricultural Production, Industry Machine Building, Automation :Collected Works of KNTU, Issue. 14, 72–78 [in Ukrainian].

5. Separatory Petkus [Petkus separators]: veb-sayt. petkus.de. Retrieved from https://www.petkus.de/produkte/sortieren/ reiniger/vorreinigung [in Ukrainian].

6. Transporter-ochysnyk [Conveyor-cleaner]: pat. 65162 S2 Ukrayina; MPK B65G 47/14. № u201106289; zayavl. 19.05.11; opubl. 25.11.2011. Byul. № 22.

7. Separator zerna [Grain separator]: pat. 101096 Ukrayina; MPK A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14. № u201502182; zayavl. 12.03.15; opubl. 25.08.2015. Byul. №16.

8. Separator zerna [Grain separator]: pat. 105640 Ukrayina; MPK V07V 4/00. № u201510172; zayavl. 19.10.15; opubl. 25.03.2016. Byul. №16.

9. Ochysnyy prystriy [Cleaning device]: pat. 111459 Ukrayina; MPK A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14, B07B 1/00. № u201604987; zayavl. 04.05.2016; opubl. 10.11.2016. Byul. № 21.

10. Ochysnyy prystriy [Cleaning device]: pat. 125770 Ukrayina; MPK A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14, B07B 1/00. № u201712457; zayavl. 15.12.2017; opubl. 25.05.2018. Byul. № 10.

11. Ochysnyy prystriy [Cleaning device]: pat. 125840 Ukrayina; MPK A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14. № u201712812; zayavl. 22.12.2017; opubl. 25.05.2018. Byul. № 10.

1. Комаристов В.Ю., Петренко М.М. Довідник з механізації післязбиральної обробки зерна. К.: Урожай, 1990. 184 с.

2. Розробка нової конструкції пневморешітної зерноочисної машини. Том 1. Обґрунтування параметрів транспортера-сепаратора / В.М. Сало та ін. Кіровоград: СПД ФО Лисенко В.Ф., 2014. 108 с.

3. Завгородній О.І. Наукові основи процесів очищення отворів решіт зерноочисних машин: автореф. дис. на здобуття ступеня д–ра техн. наук: спец. 05.05.11 , Харків, 2001. 20 с.

4. Мороз С.М., Васильковський М. I., Васильковський О.М. Обґрунтування діаметрів стержнів пруткового решета. Техніка в сільськогосподарському виробництві, галузеве машинобудування, автоматизація: зб. наук. праць Кіровогр. нац. техн. ун-ту. 2004. Вип. 14. С. 72-78.

5. Сепаратори Petkus: веб-сайт. URL: https://www.petkus.de/produkte/sortieren/reiniger/vorreinigung (дата звернення: 02.11.2023).

6. Транспортер-очисник: пат. 65162 С2 Україна: МПК B65G 47/14. № u201106289; заявл. 19.05.11; опубл. 25.11.2011. Бюл. № 22.

7. Сепаратор зерна: пат. 101096 Україна: МПК А01F 12/44, B65G 47/14. № u201502182; заявл. 12.03.15; опубл. 25.08.2015. Бюл. №16.

8. Сепаратор зерна: пат. 105640 Україна: МПК В07В 4/00. № u201510172;з аявл. 19.10.15; опубл. 25.03.2016. Бюл. №16.

9. Очисний пристрій: пат. 111459 Україна: МПК A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14, B07B 1/00. № u201604987; заявл. 04.05.2016; опубл. 10.11.2016. Бюл. № 21.

10. Очисний пристрій: пат. 125770 Україна: МПК A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14, B07B 1/00. № u201712457; заявл. 15.12.2017; опубл. 25.05.2018. Бюл. № 10.

11. Очисний пристрій: пат. 125840 Україна: МПК A01F 12/44, B65G 47/14. № u201712812; заявл. 22.12.2017; опубл. 25.05.2018. Бюл. № 10.

Copyright (c) 2023 Oleksii Zadorozhnii, Serhii Moroz, Oleksii Vasylkovskyi